On genocide: The majority position among genocide scholars — including the International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS), the UN Human Rights Council Commission of Inquiry (CoI), Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, B'Tselem and the UN Special Rapporteur — is that Israel is committing genocide in Gaza. The UN CoI applied the 'only reasonable inference' standard from the totality of evidence including official statements. The ICJ's 'plausible risk' threshold (Jan 2024) is a lower bar for interim relief; a final legal determination rests with the ICJ and is years away. Israel and the US deny genocide; critics note that states committing genocide do not historically self-identify as perpetrators.